Dr. Bruce Bugbee and Dr. Marc van Iersel discuss some of the latest technologies available for delivering photons (light) as efficiently as possible in controlled environment agriculture applications like greenhouses and vertical farms. Bruce Bugbee is a professor of crop physiology at Utah State University and President of Apogee Instruments. Marc van Iersel is a professor of horticultural physiology at the University of Georgia and co-founder of Candidus, a company that develops, builds, and installs adaptive, precision flex-dimming systems for optimizing efficiency and lowering the operating costs of supplemental LED fixtures used in greenhouses.