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There's a trend towards lower speed limits in cities all over the world, but why is this happening? What is the research behind it? And what is the "correct" speed limit for cities, anyway?

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References & Further Reading

Confessions of a Recovering Engineer
Charles "Chuck" Marohn
https://www.confessions.engineer/

SWOV Fact sheet - The relation between speed and crashes
https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/speedmgt/...

Rosén, E., Stigson, H. & Sander, U. (2011). Literature review of pedestrian fatality risk as a function of
car impact speed. In: Accident Analysis and Prevention, vol. 43, nr. 1, p. 25-33.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21094...

NACTO - Impact Speed and a Pedestrian’s Risk of Severe Injury or Death
https://nacto.org/wp-content/uploads/...

Nilsson, G. (1982). The effects of speed limits on traffic accidents in Sweden. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on the effects of speed limits on traffic accidents and transport energy use, 6-8 October 1981, Dublin. OECD, Paris, p. 1-8.

Kinetic energy management in road traffic injury prevention: a call for action
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

Stopping Distance Calculator
https://www.omnicalculator.com/physic...

New crash tests show modest speed increases can have deadly consequences - IIHS News
   • New crash tests show modest speed inc...  

Speed and the Laws of Physics
Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec
https://web.archive.org/web/202211080...

Shaffer, D.M., Maynor, A.B. & Roy, W.L. The visual perception of lines on the road. Perception & Psychophysics 70, 1571–1580 (2008). https://doi.org/10.3758/PP.70.8.1571

Driver Reaction Time
Marc Green - Human Factors & Science
https://www.visualexpert.com/Resource...

The Effect of Driving Speed on Driver’s Visual Attention: Experimental Investigation
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10....

The Critical Ten - Stgreets.mn
https://streets.mn/2015/04/02/the-cri...

Zhang, W., & Peterson, M. (2011). Predicting Patterns of Potential Driver Distraction Through Analysis of Eye-Tracking Data.
http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/...

Why Speeding – Just a Bit – Can Be Dangerous
ARCON Forensic Engineers
https://arconforensics.com/system/cke...

Serious Injuries 2018 - European Road Safety Observatory
https://road-safety.transport.ec.euro...

Svenson, Ola (February 1981). "Are We All Less Risky and More Skillful Than Our Fellow Drivers?" (PDF). Acta Psychologica. 47 (2): 143–148. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(81)90005-6.

McCormick, I. A.; Walkey, F. H.; Green, D. E. (June 1986). "Comparative Perceptions of Driver Ability: A Confirmation and Expansion". Accident Analysis & Prevention. 18 (3): 205–208. doi:10.1016/0001-4575(86)90004-7. PMID 3730094.

E. Verheijen and J. Jabben, Effect of electric cars on traffic noise and safety,
RIVM report 680300009/2010, http://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rappor...

Alexander RG, Macknik SL, Martinez-Conde S. Microsaccades in Applied Environments: Real-World Applications of Fixational Eye Movement Measurements. J Eye Mov Res. 2020 May 15;12(6):10.16910/jemr.12.6.15. doi: 10.16910/jemr.12.6.15. PMID: 33828760; PMCID: PMC7962687.

Slowing city traffic cut road deaths by a quarter
https://www.ed.ac.uk/news/2022/slowin...

Too Fast, Too Furious: New York City’s Speeding Epidemic
https://transalt.org/reports-list/too...

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Chapters

0:00 Intro
0:45 False Start NJB Logo
0:51 Real NJB Logo
0:56 Why 30km/h?
1:33 Noise
2:27 Kinetic Energy
3:33 Mass
4:24 Microcars
5:08 Walking & Cycling
6:15 Avoiding Crashes
7:39 Visual Perception
9:00 SMIDSY
9:29 Overconfidence
9:55 "That guy"
10:20 Mobility vs Safety
11:07 Faster and Slower
12:25 Too Much Traffic?
13:07 Brainerd Traffic Lights
14:50 Removing Traffic Lights
15:56 Painfully Inefficient Stroads
16:32 Building Great Streets
17:30 Fuel Efficiency
18:33 The Benefits
19:47 Conclusion & Assholes
20:20 Ground News