The world is full of unsolved mysteries, ranging from ancient civilizations and extraterrestrial activities to bizarre phenomena and fabled animals that confuse scientists and locals. Join us, as we look at 20 unsolved mysteries that cannot be explained.

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The Dark Matter

Astronomers discovered that dark matter forms much smaller clumps than previously thought using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and a new observing technique. This finding confirms one of the key predictions of the widely accepted "cold dark matter" theory. According to this theory, all galaxies form and are embedded within clouds of dark matter. Dark matter is made up of slow-moving, or "cold," particles that combine to form structures ranging in size from hundreds of thousands of times the mass of the Milky Way galaxy to clumps no larger than the weight of a commercial airplane. Dark matter is an invisible form of matter that makes up most of the universe's mass and serves as the foundation for galaxies.

Although astronomers cannot see dark matter, they can indirectly detect its presence by measuring how its gravity affects stars and galaxies. Because they contain so few stars, detecting the smallest dark matter formations by looking for embedded stars can be difficult or impossible. While dark matter concentrations have been detected in the vicinity of large and medium-sized galaxies, much smaller clumps of dark matter have yet to be discovered. In the absence of observational evidence for such small-scale clumps, some scientists have proposed alternative theories, such as "warm dark matter." This theory proposes that dark matter particles are too fast-moving to merge and form smaller concentrations. The new observations, which show that dark matter is "colder" than it would have to be in the warm dark matter alternative theory, do not support this scenario.

The Voynich Manuscript

For over a century, the Voynich manuscript has eluded interpretation. It was written in Central Europe in the 15th century and was rediscovered in 1912 by an antique book dealer. Despite intense scrutiny, no one has been able to decipher the enigmatic script. Every attempt to decipher the meaning of the Voynich manuscript's incomprehensible writings and strange illustrations has failed. One researcher claimed in February 2014 that he was able to decipher ten words and fourteen characters in the text, including the word for coriander.

Stephen Bax, an applied linguistics professor at the University of Bedfordshire in England, explained that he used the same method that scholars have previously used to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs and other texts, which involves first identifying proper names for things like plants and stars. Aside from plant illustrations, the manuscript also includes drawings of constellations such as Taurus, which Bax was able to decode. Bax also discovered a possible word for the "Centaurea flower" in the 600-year-old manuscript, but the manuscript remains unsolved.